If Listing's plane did not rotate during vergence.

You should see this:
  • when looking up the image of the horizontal line turns counter-clockwise on the right eye relative to that on the left eye.
  • the opposite pattern when looking down.

This is an elevation dependent torsional disparity.

If Listing's plane rotated by as much as vergence, the two lines would remain parallel independent of eye elevation.


Copyright © 1996 Tutis Vilis and Douglas Tweed
University of Western Ontario
London Ontario Canada
Updated October 28, 2005

Comments welcome. Email to tutis.vilis@schulich.uwo.ca